Renting a property in Nigeria can be a rewarding and exciting experience. You get pumped up because you are about to secure your comfortable and homely space. However, this joy could be short lived because of the unexpected twists and turns most prospective tenants in Nigeria face.
In this blog, we will outline 10 things every tenant in Nigeria should know. The list cuts across documentation basics and proactive actions that will ensure you are not scammed. If you are new to tenancy, you might want to check out the key factors you should consider before renting. Also, feel free to explore the other resources on our website.
Things Every Tenant In Nigeria Should Know
1. Understand the Tenancy Agreement
The tenancy agreement is a document that outlines the terms and conditions of your lease. It specifies details about the rent amount, duration of the tenancy, payment schedule, notice period, and responsibilities of both parties. Most times, tenants in Nigeria append their signatures without reading or understanding what is written in the document. In the long run, this leads to disputes and arguments.
Before signing the tenancy agreement, ensure you read and understand what is written in it. Ask questions about unclear terminologies and confirm what you read. While reading, pay close attention to clauses regarding rent increments and maintenance responsibilities. Also confirm the termination conditions, and refund policies for your security deposit. This will ensure that both parties are on the same page.
2. Know Your Rights as a Tenant
Several tenancy laws protect every tenant in Nigeria. Unfortunately, many tenants do not know this, this makes them live at the mercy of wicked landlords and agents. Knowing your rights can help you avoid exploitation and ensure that you live comfortably without fear of unjust treatment.
As a tenant, you have the right to a habitable and safe living environment. This means that your landlord is responsible for ensuring that the property is in good condition before you move in. If essential repairs are needed, such as fixing a leaking roof or faulty electrical wiring, the landlord must address them.
You also have the right to privacy, meaning that your landlord cannot enter the property without giving you prior notice. Some landlords disregard this rule and show up unannounced, which is an infringement your rights. If this happens repeatedly, you can take legal action.
Knowing your rights helps you confidently navigate your tenancy and ensures that you are not taken advantage of by unethical landlords. If you ever find yourself in a situation where your rights are being violated, do not hesitate to seek legal assistance or report the matter to the appropriate authorities.
3. Beware of Rental Scams
Rental fraud is a common issue in Nigeria. Several persons make fake listings, collect duplicate rental fees, and even make fake promises about property availability. To avoid this, always request proof of ownership before making any payments. You can verify property ownership at the local land registry office or ask neighbors about the landlord's credibility.
Additionally, ensure that all payments are documented. Always request a receipt for any financial transactions related to your tenancy. Avoid making cash payments without proper, infallible records. As much as possible, ensure all payments are done through bank transfers to have a clear transaction history.
4. Know the Maximum Advance Rent You Can Pay
Some Nigerian landlords demand advance payments for their property. In some states, the maximum payment required is 1 year. However, some landlords still insist on getting as much as 2 or 3 years advance payments.
Paying too much upfront can put you at risk if the landlord turns out to be a dishonest person. Moreover, there could be unforeseen circumstances, and getting a refund will be difficult. If a landlord insists on more than the legal limit, you can remind them of the law and offer to pay only the permitted amount.
5. Security Deposit and Refund Policies
A security deposit is money paid by the tenant at the beginning of the tenancy. It is usually equivalent to one or two months’ rent. This money serves as a form of insurance against potential damages beyond normal wear and tear.
To ensure that your security deposit is returned later on, document the property's condition before moving in. Take clear photographs and videos of every room and highlight any existing damages.
If there are cracks in the walls, broken tiles, or leaking plumbing, make sure these are noted and reported to the landlord. This documentation proves that you did not cause those damages when it was time to move out.
6. Your Responsibilities as a Tenant
As a tenant, you have responsibilities you ought to carry out. Fulfilling these obligations ensures a smooth relationship with the landlord. It also prevents legal disputes that could arise due to negligence or non-compliance.
Ensure you pay your rent, and charges on time. Also, ensure that the property is always kept in good condition. If there are other rules outlined in the agreement, follow them fully, so you can have a great stay in the apartment.
7. Handling Rent Increases
Rent increase is a common phenomenon tenants in Nigeria have to cope with. Most especially, tenants in urban areas where demand for houses is high. If your rent gets raised, the first step is to check your tenancy agreement. Some agreements include a fixed-term clause, meaning the rent remains unchanged for a specific period. Others may state that rent will be reviewed annually or after a certain number of years.
If the rent increase is too high, you may need to consider moving to a more affordable place. However, ensure that you give the landlord proper notice before leaving to avoid breaching the agreement.
8. Eviction Process and Protection Against Illegal Eviction
Eviction is one of the most frustrating experiences a tenant can have. In Nigeria, the law requires landlords to give tenants proper notice before terminating a tenancy. The duration of the notice depends on the type of tenancy agreement.
For yearly tenants, a six-month notice is required, while for monthly tenants, a one-month notice is the standard. If a tenant refuses to leave after receiving proper notice, the landlord must obtain a court order before proceeding with eviction.
9. Utility Bills and Service Charges
You should understand how payment of utility bills and service charges works in your compound. This will help you avoid conflicts with your landlord and neighbors. Before moving into a rental property, clarify with the landlord or agent which bills you are responsible for. Also, confirm the duration of payment and the modalities.
10. End of Tenancy Procedure
When your tenancy ends, follow the proper exit process to ensure a smooth exit. Ensure you check your tenancy agreement for the required notice period and inform your landlord accordingly. Most agreements require tenants to provide one to three months’ notice before leaving.
Failing to give proper notice may result in deductions from your security deposit or disputes with the landlord. Before handing over the keys, conduct a thorough inspection of the property to ensure it is in good condition. If there are damages beyond normal wear and tear, you may be required to fix them before leaving.
Conclusion
Renting a property in Nigeria has its pitfalls and challenges. Understanding your rights and responsibilities can help you navigate these challenges easily. Whether or not you are a first-time tenant, these tips will save you from unnecessary stress and financial loss.
